DECLARATION OF TRUST
MADE BY
HILDEBERTO S. DE FRIAS
AND
MICHAEL J. MELLO
CONSTITUTING
THE E-GOLD BULLION
RESERVE
SPECIAL PURPOSE TRUST
MELLO, HOLLIS, JONES
& MARTIN
BARRISTERS
& ATTORNEYS
"REID
HOUSE"
31
CHURCH STREET
HAMILTON,
BERMUDA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
HEADINGS PAGE
1. DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION__________________________________ 1
2. TRUSTS FOR INVESTMENTS___________________________________________ 3
3. DECLARATION OF TRUST____________________________________________ 3
4. PURPOSES OF THE TRUST____________________________________________ 3
5. TRUST TO PAY OR APPLY AND TO ACCUMULATE_______________________ 4
6. ULTIMATE TRUSTS__________________________________________________ 4
7. ADMINISTRATIVE POWERS___________________________________________ 5
8. ADMINISTRATION OF TRUSTEE MEETINGS AND
RECORDS________________ 5
9. MAJORITY DECISIONS OF THE TRUSTEES_______________________________ 6
10. TRUSTEES' AND PROTECTOR'S REMUNERATION________________________ 6
11. TRUSTEE LIABILITY_________________________________________________ 7
12. APPOINTMENT, REMOVAL, RETIREMENT AND
RESIGNATION OF TRUSTEES_ 8
13. PROTECTORS_______________________________________________________ 9
14. ADDITIONAL DUTIES OF PROTECTOR_________________________________ 11
15. PROPER LAW AND POWER TO CHANGE SITUS OF
PROPER LAW__________ 11
16. IRREVOCABILITY__________________________________________________ 12
17. APPOINTMENT OF EMERGENCY TRUSTEES____________________________ 13
18. EMERGENCY EVENTS_______________________________________________ 13
19. NAME_____________________________________________________________ 15
FIRST SCHEDULE___________________________________________________ 15
Initial
Property
SECOND SCHEDULE________________________________________________ 15
Administrative
Powers
THIRD SCHEDULE__________________________________________________ 17
Administrative
Powers incorporated by reference to the Trusts
(Special Provisions) Act 1989
THIS DECLARATION OF
TRUST is made this 31st day of March, 2000
BY
HILDEBERTO S. DE FRIAS
and MICHAEL
J. MELLO both of Mello, Hollis, Jones & Martin, Barristers &
Attorneys, “Reid House”, 31 Church Street in the city of Hamilton in the
Islands of Bermuda (hereinafter together called “the Original Trustees”).
W H E R E A S:
(1) The
Original Trustees intend hereby to create a purpose trust within the meaning of
the Trusts (Special Provisions) Act 1989
(as amended) in the manner hereinafter appearing and with this intention have
on or before the date hereof received the property as detailed in the First
Schedule hereto as the initial corpus of the Trust (hereinafter called
"the Initial Property") to be held by them upon the trusts and with
and subject to the powers and provisions hereinafter contained; and
(2) Further
property may hereafter from time to time be paid or transferred to or otherwise
vested in the Trustees (as hereinafter defined) to be held upon the trusts of
this Trust.
NOW THIS DEED
WITNESSES as follows:
1. DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION
1.1 In
this Deed where the context so admits or requires:
1.1.1 "e-metal account holders"
means any person who has established an e-metal account with e-gold Ltd.;
1.1.2 "e-goldÔ"
means e-gold Ltd., a Nevis corporation;
1.1.3 "e-metalÔ"
means one of the e-goldÔ
currencies, i.e., e-goldÔ,
e-silverÔ,
e-platinumÔ,
and e-palladiumÔ;
1.1.4 "Escrow Agent" means the
designated third party contracted to serve as escrow agent to this Trust and to
e-gold Ltd.;
1.1.5 "Emergency Trustee" means the
person appointed as an Emergency Trustee in accordance with the provisions of
Clauses 16 and 17 hereof;
1.1.6 "person" means any individual
or any body of persons corporate or unincorporate and without prejudice to the
generality of the foregoing includes charities;
1.1.7 "Proper Law of this Trust" means
the law of the jurisdiction governing this Trust as stipulated in Clause 15.1
hereof or as otherwise declared under the provisions of Clause 15.3 hereof and
the rights of all persons hereunder and the construction and effect of each and
every provision hereof shall be subject to the applicable Proper Law;
1.1.8 "the Termination Date" means
the date after a period of a minimum of two (2) years from the date hereof as
e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent shall jointly declare by deed with dual
signature of both delivered to the Trustees to be the Termination Date which
date shall be at least thirty (30) days after the delivery of such deed to the
Trustees.
1.1.9 "the Trustees" means the
Original Trustees or other Trustees or Trustee for the time being of this Trust;
1.1.10 "the Trust Fund" means the
precious metal bullion held on behalf and for the exclusive benefit of all
e-metal account holders collectively, pursuant to the e-gold, e-silver,
e-platinum, and e-palladium currency contracts; and
1.1.11 "this Trust" means the trust
created by these presents.
1.2 In
the interpretation and construction of this Trust:
1.2.1 words
in the singular shall include the plural and words in the plural shall include
the singular;
1.2.2 words
importing the masculine gender shall include the feminine; and
1.2.3 the
clause headings are inserted for ease of reference only and shall be ignored.
2. NAME
2.1 The
name of this Trust shall be “THE E-GOLD
BULLION RESERVE SPECIAL PURPOSE TRUST” or such other name as the Trustees
shall from time to time decide and declare by deed.
3. DECLARATION OF TRUST
3.1 The
Trustees shall hold the Trust Fund and the income thereof upon the trusts and
with and subject to the powers and provisions contained in this Trust.
4. PURPOSES OF THE TRUST
4.1 purpose
of holding precious metal bullion on behalf of and for the exclusive benefit of
all e-metal account holders collectively, pursuant to the e-gold, e-silver,
e-platinum, and e-palladium currency contracts, all of which explicitly require
100% physical reserves backing all e-metal in circulation. The physical assets shall be held in
allocated storage by secure third party repositories with each individual
bullion bar uniquely and explicitly identified and catalogued. All precious
metal shall be held free and clear of all liens and encumbrances
whatsoever. The safekeeping
arrangements with secure repositories shall require dual signature (i.e.,
authorization by both e-gold Ltd. and by the designated third party contracted
to serve as Escrow Agent) before any bullion may be removed for any purpose;
4.2 The
Trustees may enter into such agreements as they shall deem necessary to fulfil
the purposes of this Trust.
5. TRUST TO ACCUMULATE
5.1 The
Trustees shall until the Termination Date hold and accumulate the Trust Fund
and shall apply the Trust Fund in furtherance of the purposes aforesaid in such
proportions and at such times and from time to time and generally in such
manner as instructed by the dual signed instructions received from time to time
from e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent and shall make no disposition of any
portion or all of the Trust Fund without the dual signatures of e-gold Ltd. and
the Escrow Agent.
6. ULTIMATE TRUSTS
6.1 If
the whole or any part of the Trust Fund shall be otherwise undisposed of on the
Termination Date the Trustees shall pay or transfer the Trust Fund to account
holders and/or to e-gold Ltd. pursuant to the dual signed instructions received
from e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent, PROVIDED THAT such distribution shall be
made absolutely and in no circumstances in contravention of the rule against
perpetuities;
6.2 The
Trustees shall not be held liable for any breach of duty or loss or damage to
any third party caused by virtue of or as a result of any distribution made
pursuant to the dual signed instructions from e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent.
7. ADMINISTRATIVE POWERS
7.1 The
Trustees shall in addition and without prejudice to all other powers at law
have the powers and immunities set out in the Second Schedule hereto.
8. ADMINISTRATION OF TRUSTEE MEETINGS AND
RECORDS
8.1 The
Trustees shall make such rules as they shall deem appropriate to regulate:
8.1.1 meetings
of the Trustees (including all matters relating to time, place, manner,
procedure and agenda);
8.1.2 the
delegation of any and all powers of the Trustees to a committee or committees
or to an officer or officers in the case of a sole corporate Trustee) of the
Trustees which are established to act on behalf of the Trustees to manage the
administration of the Trust or for such other specific or particular purpose in
furtherance of the purposes of the Trust;
8.1.3 the
administration of the Trust generally.
8.2 The
Trustees shall keep at their offices in Bermuda the following:
8.2.1 A
copy of this Deed of Trust and any amending or supplemental instruments;
8.2.2 Such
documents as are sufficient to show the true financial position of the assets
held in the Trust Fund for each financial year together with details of
distributions made out of the Trust Fund by the Trustees during the financial
year.
9. MAJORITY DECISIONS OF THE TRUSTEES
9.1 In
the event that there shall be more than two Trustees hereof in office from time
to time every decision, resolution or exercise of a power or discretion
required to be or capable of being made by the Trustees shall be validly made
if so made by a majority in number of the Trustees and any instrument executed
in pursuance of any such decision, resolution or exercise shall have binding
legal effect (as if executed by all the Trustees) if it shall be executed by a
majority in number of the Trustees but not so as to render any of the Trustees
hereof liable for any act or thing done or omitted without his consent by
reason of the provisions of this paragraph or for any act in which he joins for
conformity only;
9.2 A
resolution in writing signed by a majority of the Trustees shall be as valid
and effective as if it had been passed at a meeting of the Trustees duly
convened and held and any such resolution may consist of one or more documents
in similar form each signed by one or more of the Trustees.
10. TRUSTEES' REMUNERATION
10.1 Any
Trustee hereof being a bank or corporation or other person engaged in any
profession or business shall be entitled to charge and be paid all usual
professional or other charges for services done by him or his firm or it in
relation to the trusts hereof including a fee for acting as such Trustee and
such fee in the case of a corporate Trustee to be in accordance with its usual
scale of fees as shall from time to time be in effect or in the absence of any
usual scale of fees or if it shall be agreed otherwise then the fees shall be
as may be agreed in the case of the Trustee;
10.2 e-gold
Ltd. acknowledges that it is absolutely responsible for the payment of all fees,
disbursements and expenses of the Trustees, the Escrow Agent and the
repositories incurred in administering and/or otherwise promoting, enforcing
and/or fulfilling the purposes of this Trust;
10.3 Any
new or additional Trustee appointed under the provisions hereof or by a court
of competent jurisdiction shall have such powers, rights and benefits as to
remuneration or otherwise at or prior to his or its appointment as may be
agreed in writing (in the case of a Trustee appointed as hereinbefore provided)
between such new or additional Trustee and the person or persons making such
appointment or (in the case of a Trustee appointed by a court) as the order
appointing such Trustee may direct or in the absence of such agreement in the
case of a corporate Trustee in accordance with its usual scale of fees as shall
from time to time be in effect.
11. TRUSTEE LIABILITY
11.1 In
the professed execution of the trusts and powers hereof no Trustee hereof and
no director officer or employee of any corporate Trustee hereof shall be liable
for any loss to the Trust Fund arising by reason of any action taken pursuant
to the dual signed instructions from e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent or for
the negligence of any agent employed by him or by any other Trustee hereof
although the employment of such agent was not strictly necessary or expedient
or by reason of any mistake or omission made in good faith by any Trustee
hereof or by any director officer or employee of any corporate Trustee hereof
or by reason of any other matter or thing except for wilful default fraud or
negligence on the part of the Trustee or director, officer or employee of a
corporate Trustee who is sought to be made liable;
11.2 The
Trustees hereof the directors, officers and employers of any corporate Trustee
hereof and each of them, their respective heirs, personal representatives,
assigns and successors shall be wholly indemnified out of the Trust Fund in
respect of any liability or loss which they may suffer by virtue of or arising
out of any mistake or omission they may have made in good faith in the course
of carrying out their duties as Trustees hereof or as directors, officers or
employees of any corporate Trustee hereof except for loss or liability arising
due to their own wilful default fraud or negligence.
12. APPOINTMENT REMOVAL RETIREMENT AND
RESIGNATION OF TRUSTEES
12.1
Any person may be appointed a Trustee of
this Trust whether resident or incorporated (as the case may be) within or
outside the jurisdiction of the Proper Law of this Trust;
12.2
The power of appointing a new or
additional Trustee or new or additional Trustees of this Trust shall be vested
in e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent and such power shall be exercisable jointly
by dual signed instrument in writing;
12.3
e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent shall
have the power to remove any Trustee of this Trust upon delivery of a written
notice with dual signatures of e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent to such Trustee
provided that such removal shall be effective at least thirty (30) days after
the delivery of such written notice and as stated in such notice;
12.4
The person or persons exercising the
powers granted in sub-clauses (2) and (3) above shall promptly give written
notice thereof to the other then serving Trustees or Trustee (if any);
12.5 A
Trustee desiring to withdraw and be discharged from the trusts hereof may
resign as Trustee by giving notice of resignation in writing to the continuing
Trustees (if any) and the person or persons then having the power to appoint
new Trustees and after the expiration of thirty days from the date of so giving
notice (or such shorter period as may be agreed in writing between the Trustees
giving notice and the person or persons then having the power to appoint new
Trustees) the Trustee who has so given notice shall cease to be a Trustee to
all intents and purposes except as to acts and deeds necessary for the proper
vesting of the Trust Fund in the continuing or new Trustees or Trustee or
otherwise as the case may require.
13. POWERS OF E-GOLD LTD. AND THE ESCROW AGENT
13.1 In
addition to the powers specifically conferred by this Trust e-gold Ltd. and the
Escrow Agent shall have the power to request information and accounts from the
Trustees by dual signed request from e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent (which
information and accounts shall forthwith be supplied to e-gold Ltd. and the
Escrow Agent). E-gold Ltd. and the
Escrow Agent shall also be the persons charged with the duty of enforcing the
trusts of this Trust.
14. PROPER LAW AND POWER TO CHANGE SITUS OF
PROPER LAW
14.1 Subject
to the following provisions of this clause this Trust is established under the
laws of Bermuda and the construction and effect of this Trust shall be subject
to the jurisdiction of and construed in accordance with the laws of Bermuda.
14.2 Subject
to the following provisions of this Clause the Courts of Bermuda shall be the
forum for the administration of this Trust;
14.3 The
Trustees shall upon the dual signed written instruction of e-gold Ltd. and the
Escrow Agent at any time and from time to time declare by deed that the trusts,
powers and the construction and effect of this Trust shall from the date of
such declaration take effect in accordance with the law of any other
jurisdiction in any part of the world and as from the date of such declaration
the law of the jurisdiction named therein shall be the Proper Law governing the
Trust and the Courts in that jurisdiction shall be the forum for the
administration of this Trust (subject to the provisions of this sub-clause) and
until any further declaration is made PROVIDED THAT notwithstanding anything
herein contained and notwithstanding any such dual signed written direction the
Trustees for the time being shall not have the power to make any declaration
which might directly or indirectly result in this Trust becoming according to
the law thereupon becoming applicable hereto illegal, void or voidable or which
might in any way change the purposes or objects of this Trust otherwise than in
accordance with the terms hereof AND PROVIDED FURTHER that so often as any such
declaration as aforesaid shall be made the Trustees shall make recommendations
for such consequential alterations or additions in or to the trusts, powers and
provisions of this Trust as the Trustees may consider necessary or desirable to
ensure so far as may be possible that the trusts, powers and provisions of this
Trust shall (mutatis mutandis) be as
valid and effective as they were under the law of Bermuda immediately prior to
such declaration;
14.4 The
Trustees shall have power with the dual signed written consent of e-gold Ltd.
and the Escrow Agent (subject to the application (if any) of the rule against
perpetuities) to carry on the general administration of these trusts in any
jurisdiction in the world whether or not such jurisdiction is for the time
being the Proper Law of this Trust or the courts of such jurisdiction are for
the time being the forum for the administration of these trusts and whether or
not the Trustees or any of them are for the time being resident or domiciled in
or otherwise connected with such jurisdiction.
15. IRREVOCABILITY
15.1 This
Trust shall be irrevocable.
16. APPOINTMENT OF EMERGENCY TRUSTEES
16.1 At
any time prior to the Termination Date e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent may by
deed that has the dual signature of e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent and
delivered to the Trustees appoint a person or persons to be the Emergency
Trustee of this Trust PROVIDED THAT no person may be so appointed to be an
Emergency Trustee who is resident in a territory in which an Emergency Event
(as defined below) has occurred within the previous year of such appointment
and PROVIDED ALWAYS THAT the jurisdiction chosen by e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow
Agent shall contain the necessary legislative provisions to administer this
trust.
16.2
In the event that an Emergency Trustee
has not been appointed by the Protector, then ARAWAK TRUST COMPANY LIMITED of
the British Virgin Islands shall be appointed as Emergency Trustee of this
Trust in accordance with Clause 17 hereof.
16.3
An Emergency Trustee shall become a
Trustee under this Trust immediately upon the ceasing of a Trustee continuing
as a Trustee in accordance with Clause 17 hereof.
16.4
An Emergency Trustee (not having become
one of the Trustees) may at any time resign by giving written notice to e-gold
Ltd. and the Escrow Agent (if any) and the Trustees and may at any time be
removed from office by written notice with dual signatures given by e-gold Ltd.
and the Escrow Agent and received by the Emergency Trustee who is to be removed
from office.
17. EMERGENCY EVENTS
17.1 Any
Trustee hereof shall automatically cease to be a Trustee on the happening of
any of the following events (an "Emergency Event") within the
territory where such Trustee is incorporated (in the case of a corporate
Trustee) or resident in the case of an individual that is to say:
17.1.1 the
invasion of such territory by military forces;
17.1.2 the
enactment of any law or the taking of any action by or on the part of any
governmental authority agency or officer of or within the said territory the
aim or purpose or effect of which is (or would be if such Trustee had sole
control of the assets comprising the Trust Fund):
(a) to
acquire expropriate or confiscate any of the assets comprising the Trust Fund
or any part thereof;
(b) to
jeopardise or interfere with or hamper the free exercise by such Trustee of its
fiduciary obligations powers and discretions;
(c)
the restriction suspension abrogation
withdrawal cancellation or rescission of any exemption relief or contract in
relation to the trusts of this Trust in respect of the Trust Fund or any part
thereof whether in respect of exchange or currency control or any other matter;
(d)
to levy any tax or duty on any part of
the Trust Fund;
17.1.2 the
nationalisation or attempted nationalisation of any corporate Trustee hereof or
other substantial intervention in its affairs by a government official or a
government body or agency;
17.1.3 the
occurrence in that territory of civil war or of violent civil disturbances
which shall cause or appear likely to cause a serious and prolonged
interference with the ability of the Trustees to function as such;
17.1.4 the
acquisition by the government or any other public authority of that territory
of a controlling interest in any corporate Trustee hereof;
17.1.5 to
determine or substantially restrict the power of the Trustees to transfer
assets comprising income or capital of the Trust Fund out of that territory for
the purpose of investment or distribution.
17.2 Upon
such Trustee ceasing to be a Trustee pursuant to this Clause such Trustee shall
be divested of title to the Trust Fund which shall automatically vest in the
Emergency Trustee as if the Emergency Trustee had been the Original Trustee
hereof and the forum for the administration and the Proper Law of this Trust
shall notwithstanding any other provisions of this Trust forthwith be deemed to
be the place of residence or incorporation (if a corporation) of such Emergency
Trustee or such other jurisdiction or territory which is designated under the
Deed appointing Emergency Trustee.
17.3 Notwithstanding
paragraphs 17.1 and 17.2 of this Clause, a certificate in writing with dual
signatures by e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent delivered to the Trustees no
later than fourteen (14) days following the happening of an Emergency Event to
the effect that paragraphs 17.1 and 17.2 of this Clause shall not be deemed to
have applied notwithstanding the happening of any such Emergency Event shall be
conclusive for the purpose of reinstating as a Trustee hereof the Trustee
automatically removed under the provisions of paragraph 17.1 of this Clause.
17.4 E-gold
Ltd. and the Escrow Agent shall be obligated to make their best endeavours to
deliver any certificate issued under paragraph 17.3 above to the Emergency
Trustee and to the reinstated Trustee within the fourteen (14) days of the
happening of an Emergency Event.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF
the parties hereto have hereunto set their hands and seals or caused their
Common Seals to be affixed (as the case may be) the day and year first above written.
FIRST SCHEDULE
Initial Property
[ ] ounces of Gold
Bullion
[ ] ounces of Silver
Bullion
[ ] ounces of Platinum
Bullion
[ ] ounces of Palladium
Bullion
SECOND SCHEDULE
Administrative Powers
IN
furtherance of the purposes of this Trust but not further or otherwise the
Trustees shall have the following additional powers:
(i) To
do all such lawful acts or things as shall further the attainment of the
purposes of this Trust and so far as may be necessary to do such acts or things
in collaboration with any person;
(ii) From
time to time and at such intervals as instructed by dual signature written
instructions from e-gold Ltd. and the Escrow Agent or as the Trustees shall in
their sole discretion think fit cause the financial documents and accounts kept
by them to be examined or audited by such person or persons as they shall
designate and to pay the costs of such examination or audit out of the property
of the Trust Fund.
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SIGNED SEALED
and DELIVERED by HILDEBERTO S. DE FRIAS in the
presence of: |
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Witness: |
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SIGNED SEALED and DELIVERED by MICHAEL J. MELLO in the presence of: |
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Witness: |
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THE COMMON SEAL OF E-GOLD LTD. was
Hereunto affixed in the presence of:
Director/Secretary:
Director: